The National Museum of Colombia

Contemporary Issues in Nursing - 1676 Words

In today s world of nursing, there are efforts to improve patient care at hospitals. Severalstates across America are considering implementing nursing ratio laws. This ratio law wouldrequire hospitals to have strict nurse-to-patient ratios enforced at all times. Only California hasimplemented nursing ratios so far and it has been the subject of mixed reviews. Steps the legislation went throughThroughout the 1990 s, health care labor unions in California tried to implement nursestaffing laws through legislation and ballot initiatives. The California Nurses Association (CNA)campaigned for several years to constitute a mandated nurse-to-patient ratio system in California. The first endeavor was in 1993 when Assembly Bill (AB) 1445 was†¦show more content†¦Hospitals that staff 1 nurse to less than 5 patients also have a lower incidence of patientfalls, medication errors and nosocomial infections (MacPhee, M., et al, 2006). Improved RN topatient ratios also have a reduced rate of pneumonia, urinary tract infections, shock, cardiacarrest, gastrointestinal bleeding, and other adverse outcomes in acute care settings. Recentresearch indicates that the cost of the RN to patient ratio law is considerably lower than the costof basic safety interventions commonly used in hospitals such as PAP tests for cervical cancerand clot-busting medications to treat stroke and heart attacks. Shorter lengths of stay have alsobeen reported since the ratio laws took place (Needleman, J., et al, 2002)HistoryCalifornia became the first state to mandate minimum nurse staffing ratios. Suggestionsfor nurse-to-patient ratios have been specified in union contracts at hospit als in several otherstates. Since California passed AB 394, related bills were introduced in many other states suchas Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York and Pennsylvania. The cause for staffing ratios was aresult of average patient acuity in the state of California rising and projected increases for acuitylevels to keep increasing through the next 20 years (Institute for Health, 2001). AB 394 mayhave a major impact on demand for nursing personnel, the adequacy of nursing supply and thequality of nursing care provided to consumers. Nursing unions in CaliforniaShow MoreRelatedContemporary Nursing Issues3582 Words   |  15 PagesGNT 1 – 724.2.4-01-07 Contemporary Nursing Issues Mary Purvis Healthcare Issues In order to determine the safest and most appropriate discharge plan for this patient the case manager will work closely with the interdisciplinary team who is directly caring for the patient; together they will come up with the most effective, appropriate, and safest discharge plan. In this case study, there are several important healthcare issues the case manager needs to address with the team prior toRead MoreContemporary Health Issue1425 Words   |  6 PagesContemporary Health Issue 1 Contemporary Health Issue Part II: Mandatory Overtime Contemporary Health Issue 2 The Legislative Process Behind Limiting Mandatory Overtime Introduction Nurses of the 21 century are expected to act quickly and appropriately when confronted with various complex clinical situations in this competitive healthcare market. Nurses cannot do so if they lack the fundamental knowledge of the regulations and statutes that have been established by their particularRead MoreNursing Process1550 Words   |  7 PagesThe nursing process: A help or a hindrance to contemporary nursing practice. Introduction. The nursing process is the core for the nursing care plan and enables one to think like a nurse. It was based on the theory developed by Ida Jean Orlanda in 1950’s where she observed good and bad nursing practices (Faust, 2002). The nursing process is important as it is a systematic problem solving approach which involves the partnership with both the patient and their family. It serves as an important toolRead MoreResearch Paper: The Roles, Obligations, and Responsibilities of the Modern Nurse909 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿HEALTH POLICY PAPER THE ROLE OF THE NURSE Defining the Roles, Obligations, and Responsibilities of the Modern Nurse Contemporary nursing has become a highly specialized field with numerous different practice areas and corresponding roles, obligations, and responsibilities. Yet, in spite of the broad range of specialization and practice areas, nurses continue to share basic fundamental roles as members of their profession. For example, nurses have responsibilities as patient educators in any interactionRead MoreNursing in the Classroom1608 Words   |  6 Pagesmaterial on the history of nursing in the world, the Barbara Bates Center for the Study of the History of Nursing is uniquely situated to create research and scholarship that will position nursing history as central to debates about health policy and practice. The Center provides a broad array of educational opportunities across the School and University, nation and the world. Center faculty members are known for their mentorship and are highly sought after as history of nursing and health policy consultantsRead MoreChamberlain College Of A Nursing School Essay1013 Words   |  5 PagesChamberlain College of Nursing- Illinois Chamberlain College of Nursing- Illinois, which is one of the many schools owned by the DeVry Education Group, is a nursing school that offers bachelor, master and doctoral nursing degrees. Chamberlain College of Nursing boasts over 125 years of producing nursing graduates. During the late 1890s, a church pastor decided to create a nursing school based on the practices of the Deaconess tradition in Europe. The famous Florence Nightingale, who is consideredRead MoreNursing Professional Identity Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pageshistorical development of nursing on contemporary representations of the nursing profession. It examines the professional identity of nursing and further discusses the contribution of modern nursing, social, cultural and political factors that influences the professional identity of a nurse. The essay also looks into the professional regulations and the role of the nurse’s and midwifery Council (NMC) in the protection of the public. Finally, this essay wi ll discuss nursing education, the media, stereotypeRead MoreNursing Professional Identity Essay1599 Words   |  7 Pageshistorical developments of nursing impact on contemporary representations of the nursing profession. It will examine professional identity of the profession and further discusses the value of modern nursing, social, cultural and political factors that influence the professional identity of the nurse. I will also discuss the professional regulation and the role of the nurse’s midwifery Council (NMC) in the protection of the public. Finally, this essay will discuss nursing education, the media, stereotypeRead MoreNurses as the Most Highly Trusted Health Professionals: A Discussion692 Words   |  3 Pagestrusted health professional group. 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The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and discussion of the Code of Ethics

Prince Metternich Free Essays

Samantha Meyers 01/20/13 Wld Hist. HN Pd. 2 Prince Metternich Prince Metternich was born in Coblenz on May 15, 1773. We will write a custom essay sample on Prince Metternich or any similar topic only for you Order Now He owed most of his early education to his mother because his father showed no interest in his education. In 1788, Metternich enrolled in Strasbourg University He served as foreign minister of the Austrian Empire from 1809 to 1848 and restored Austria to its former power after the devastating Napoleonic Wars. He held continuous office in European affairs for almost 40 years. One of his first tasks was to set up a detente with France that included the marriage of Napoleon to the Austrian Arch-Duchess Marie Louise. Soon after that he engineered Austria’s entry into the War of the Sixth Coalition on the Allied side, he signed the Treaty of Fontainebleau that sent Napoleon into exile. In recognition of his service to the Austrian Empire, he was raised to the title of Prince in October 1813. Prince Metternich lead the Congress of Vienna. He helped restore balance of power to all of Europe and proposed a peacekeeping organization called the Concert of Europe. He attempted to restore hereditary monarchs that lost power but only ended up making the people favor nationalism. Under his guidance, the â€Å"Metternich system† of international congresses continued for another decade as Austria aligned herself with Russia and Prussia. This marked the high point of Austria’s diplomatic importance, but soon Metternich slowly slipped back into the periphery of international diplomacy. At home, Metternich also held the post of Chancellor of State from 1821 until 1848, under both Francis II of Austria and his son Ferdinand I of Austria. After a brief period of exile in London, Brighton and Brussels that lasted until 1851, he returned once more to the Viennese court, this time to offer only advice to Ferdinand’s successor, Franz Josef. Having outlived his generation of politicians, Metternich died at the age of 86 in 1859. Metternich was one of the most capable diplomats of his time. He was responsible for the stability of European governments. In the end, however, Metternich failed because his basic strategy was to support autocracy when the political development in Europe moved rapidly towards democracy. Bibliography: â€Å"Prince Metternich. †Ã‚  World History: The Modern Era. ABC-CLIO,  2013. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. World History Notes on â€Å"19th Century Nationalism† â€Å"Conservative, Sophisticated, Skilled Diplomat. †Ã‚  Emersonkent. com. Emerson Kent, n. d. Web. 20 Jan. 2013. http://www. emersonkent. com/history_notes/klemens_von_metternich. htm. How to cite Prince Metternich, Papers

Marketing Management of Napoli Brand Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management of Napoli Brand. Answer: Objectives of marketing To bring in the most effluent quality and easiest to utilize the most authentic multi fueled outdoor oven for pizza at an affordable rate. To increase the sales volume of the company by providing the customers the comfort to carry the multi fueled pizza oven to different places and there is more than 3 sources that includes gas, wood and charcoal for baking pizzas (Grnroos, 2016) To keep the prices of the pizza oven less than the prices of different competitors that included early bird price $249 in the market as this will help the company in attracting the customers in the market (Gummesson, 2017) To build and provide best quality services to the customers in the market wherein this will include providing to cook and bake the food at over 900 degrees Fahrenheit To penetrate the entire target market of Napoli as this will help them in extending their market in comparison to other markets. This will help them in increasing their revenues in the entire competitive market These are the differentmarketing objectives of Napoli Brand, as these objectives will help them in increasing their market share. The market penetration is required to be done by Napoli in such a manner, as this will help them in taking sales from the competitors. The number of strategies can be employed by Napoli, as this will help in gaining competitive advantage. Define the Customer The target or the potential customers are the specific groups who are targeted by Napoli in order to increase their sales and overall revenue (Gummesson, 2017). The customers who were targeted by Napoli were the restaurant and hotel owners for their hotels, the youngsters who are staying alone in hostels and they like partying by preparing food themselves. The specific target group has been analyzed by Napoli as their product is made with different specifications that can be utilized by the young generation and different restaurants (Festa et al., 2016). Napoli Brand has tried their different kind ofmarketing tactics in order to gain most competitive advantage in the entire organization. The brand consistency has helped Napoli in introducing their multi-fueled oven in an appropriate manner. The brand has tried the best in analyzing the different tactics that has been used by the competitors in the market as this has provided them the opportunity to introduce the new technologies that can help them in increasing their promotional activities in other parts of the world as well (Jin, Kim Kim, 2015). The specific segment has been targeted by Napoli as this has helped them in increasing their popularity in the entire market. Napoli has targeted the hotel industry, different youngsters who love partying and preparing foods and try out preparing different dishes as well. The specific market segmentation is essential in nature, as this will help them in focusing on the target customers in the market (Ke Li, 2015). Marketing Mix strategies The marketing mix strategies are the set of different actions that can be used by the respective company Napoli in such a manner that this will help them in promoting their brands in the entire competitive market. The respective company can use product, price, place and promotion that this will help them in enhancing the image of the product and services. The strategies of the marketing mix are analyzed, as this will help them on enhancing the services and products in such a manner that will satisfy the demands of the customers. The marketing mix strategies are essential in nature as this will increase their production and this will increase the overall revenues of the company as well (Oflac et al., 2015). The 4Ps of marketing is required to be analyzed in such a manner as the company makes the desired changes in an effectual manner (Kumar, Sharma Gupta, 2017). The different analysis has been done in such a manner that has influenced the target market will help the company in achieving huge revenues. The marketing mix such as product, place, price and promotion has been applied by the company in such a manner that it has helped them in understanding the different requirements of the target markets (Sam, Li Chatwin, 2016). This has helped them in creating innovations and has gained proper advantage in the entire competitive market as well. Napoli Brand has introduced the multi fueled pizza oven in such a manner that different restaurants and hotels can use it and this helped them in attracting more customers in the target market in an effectual manner (Srijumpa, 2017). Napoli multi fueled oven has mainly targeted the hotel industry as they can prepare the different kind of pizzas in different ways and this can increase their business in an effectual manner (Mohammad, 2015). There are more than 20 gas burners along with pizza peels that has helped the company in making the customers satisfied using the product in an effective manner. The respective company has attracted the customers in such a manner that has helped them in targeting specific segment of customers and making them understand about the different advantages of the product that has been discovered by them (Kraak et al., 2017). The Napoli pizza oven company has tried to include different innovative procedures, as this will help them in gaining proper advantage in the competitive market (Nuseir Madanat, 2015). Product is one of the elements of the marketing mix as Napoli is associated with different manufacturing and marketing of the products that are of high quality (Rust, 2017). The entire Napoli brand focuses to deal with different electronic kitchen appliances that include micro ovens along with baking ovens for pizza. The Napoli has created distinctive name in the entire household and other hotels as they have the ability to have complete chain of the different products (Stremersch et al., 2015). In case of Napoli, the product is the top most priority and the product that has been developed by them presently that is attractive for the different customers in the entire competitive market (Khan, 2014). The product development is essential in nature, as this will help them in gaining competitive advantage. The product that has developed by Napoli is the multi-fueled oven wherein they have introduced it in such a manner that will help in gaining competitive advantage in comparison to other brands in the market (Jaworski, 2017). The product that has been introduced by Napoli has helped them in increasing their competitive advantage in the market. The multi-fueled oven of Napoli brand has to provide tough competition to other brands ovens as this will help them in making their position stable in the market (Kim et al., 2014). The product multi-fueled oven has different innovative strategies that included the twenty removable pizza stones, charcoal and wood burners, gas burners and pizza peels. The different other competitors in the market has applied techniques that do not include multi fueled procedures in order to bake and grill pizzas (Fan, Lau Zhao, 2015). The respective company has gained competitive advantage by applying the different innovative techniques. The technique that is innovative in nature has helped them in promoting their product through different websites and advertisements in different magazines. This will help in making the customers aware about the new product and their innovative techniques (Phan Vu, 2015). The Napoli brand can increase their competitive advantage in such a manner that this has helped the entire brand to be aware about the competitors in the market relating to the different techniques used by them. The competitors in the market has applied techniques, however there has been lack of different techniques that has been used by Napoli as this can be used by different generation individuals along with the entire hotel industry. The different techniques has helped Napoli brand in introducing multi-fueled oven, as the usage of gas cannot be utilized everywhere and this can cause issues as well (Larson Kul chitsky, 2015). The wood and charcoal usage can be done in order to make it comfortable for the different customers who can use it in the winters in different gatherings and this will be convenient in nature as well. The multi-fueled oven that has been introduced by Napoli has helped the company in gaining huge revenues and this has impressed the customers, as any other competitors in the entire competitive market have not introduced this kind of multi-fueled oven until date (Resnick et al., 2016). Price is the other factor of the marketing mix element that is essential in nature. Napoli has introduced the multi-fueled pizza oven that has been innovative and new in the entire competitive market. The strategy of the price has to be such that this will help the company in gaining competitive advantage in comparison to other competitors in the entire market. The price that has to be kept by Napoli Company has to be such that this will help in attracting different kind of customers along with the other competitors in the competitive market. The price that has to be set by the Napoli brand has to be such that this will help their company in making the customers satisfied and their needs will be addressed as well. The price that has to be kept by Napoli has to be in such a manner that this will help the company in leading the entire competitive market in an effectual manner. The Napoli brand is trying to become focus on the different markets in such a manner that will help the company in competiting the other competitors in the market. The strategy that has been used by Napoli is the price skimming strategy, as this will help them in launching new product in the market with different innovative strategies. The focus of the Napoli Multi-fueled oven is that it has different variants included in it and this has helped the company in gaining competitive advantage in the entire market. The diversification price strategy can be used by Napoli in such a manner that it will include features that is identical in nature and it is in comparison with other companies in the market. The other technique that can be used by Napoli brand is the competitive pricing technique as this will help the company in gaining more importance in the market. The plates that have been innovated by Napoli Company are bigger and larger and this helps them in defending their position in the market. The Napoli brand has to use the competitive pricing strategy in order to defend themselves in the market from other competitors and this will help them in leading the entire market. As Napoli has not succeeded to a huge extent in other appliances, they have tried to use the competitive pricing in such a manner that this can help them in preventing the attacks that are flanking in nature from the different kind of competitors in the market. These helped in understanding the pricing strategy of Napoli in the entire competitive market in an effectual manner. The brand Napoli has introduced different techniques of price skimming and competitive pricing in such a manner that this will help them in gaining their position by innovating multi-fueled pizza oven in the market. Promotion is the other element of the marketing mix that has to be analyzed in regards to Napoli in an effective manner. The promotion is the strong pillar in the entire marketing mix of the organization. Napoli feels that advertising is the best method in introducing their product to the customers in such a manner that this will help them in gaining competitive advantage. The promotional activities of Napoli will help in engaging the different potential customers and this will help them in positioning their brand. The Napoli Company promotes their new products in such a manner that this helps them in making the customers attracted towards their different strategies. Napoli uses the different social networking sites and newspapers along with home magazines, as this will help them in gaining competitive advantage in the entire market. The Napoli brand can take competitive advantage in the market wherein they can introduce different celebrity chefs or other young generation in such a manner, that will help them in gaining advantage. Besides advertising techniques, Napoli can use different tactics based on promotions, as this will help the customers in buying their products in the market. The Napoli is famous for introducing the products that is innovative in nature and this is different from the competitors in the market as well. During different events and festivals, Napoli introduces different kind of discounts as this helps them in gaining more advantage from the customers in the entire market. Napoli needs to take steps such as innovating the product such as multi-fueled oven wherein the customers can bake and grill pizza in different methods and this is helping them to use the product in much easier manner. Napoli can sponsor different major kind of events in the different places, as this will help the company to understand the techniques used by the other competitors in the market. These kinds of techniques that are used by other competitors in the market can help in gaining competitive advantage in the market. The promotional events used by different competitors has to be analyzed in such a manner that this will help Napoli in using different price and product strategies and get more advantage in the future. The celebrities and other public can be invited to become the brand ambassador of the Napoli multi-fueled oven as this will help the company in gaining more customers and this will help them in introducing more products in the future. There are competitors in the market who has introduced pizza oven, however there are different flaws in the oven as they are not multi fueled and they are not comfortable to handle in different places. These kinds of ovens are not transferrable in na ture and this is providing competitive advantage to the Napoli brand as well. Lastly, the promotional events have to be organized by Napoli in such a manner that this will help the company and the brand in inviting more customers towards their brand. The advertising strategy has to be such that this will help the customers in understanding the different features of the product and this will attract them towards it as well in the near future. The advertising can be done in the magazines as well as this will help the company in gaining competitive advantage in the market and this will help the company to be popular in nature. Place is the other element in the marketing mix wherein this will help the company in gaining competitive advantage in the competitive market. Napoli sells their products directly to the different services and retailers. The different service dealers of the respective company Napoli helps in generating corporate sales in the market (Dadzie et al., 2017). There are different places wherein Napoli brand can promote their products in order to gain proper advantage in the market. The places where in the multi-fueled oven can be gained by the customers are the different retail companies in the entire world. The prices will remain the same in different retail markets as this is directly being generated from the Napoli brand and they spread to different competitive and retail markets. The shipping of the product can be done in all over the world and this will help them in gaining more business in the future. Napoli brand can sell their products to different premium locations in an effectual manner, as this will increase their market share. The market share will be increased by selling their products through online mode along with different retail outlets (Baker Saren, 2016). The entire Napoli brand has provided free advertising and this has helped them in gaining competitive advantage. There are different other competitors in the competitive market who uses different online strategies wherein this has helped the company in gaining more profitability in the market. The competitors in the market have used different strategies such as selling their products online and offering huge discounts (Ahmed Rahman, 2015). This has helped the company in targeting customers in the competitive market by providing different kind of offers in the market. The company needs to include different kind of services such as free delivery and offer the same with the different retailers in the competitive market. This will help the company in gaining more revenues in the market, as this will be helpful for the company to understand the preferences of the customers in an effectual manner. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that proper marketing strategies has been implemented by Napoli brand as this helped them in understanding the different competitors in the market. The different objectives of marketing have been organized in such a manner that this has helped them in gaining competitive advantage in the entire market. The marketing mix elements have been analyzed in such a manner that this has helped the company in progressing in the competitive field. The key objectives have helped them in increasing the awareness of the customers towards the particular brand. The promotional elements have been discussed in such a manner that this has helped the brand Napoli in gaining advantage than the competitors in the market. The promotional activities has helped the brand to get success in the company has applied the advertising techniques. The different techniques of advertising through newspaper and other social networks has helped them in improving their features of the product and it has been seen that the promotional events has been organized by Napoli brand. The channel of distribution has been analyzed in such a manner that it has helped the company in selling their products to different customers. Therefore, it can be seen that multi-fueled oven of Napoli brand is the innovative idea as this helped the brand Napoli in gaining advantage in the entire competitive market. The company to a huge extent has increased the different objectives such as the sales as this has helped them in increasing their revenues in the entire market as well. the other objective that is related to best quality services product in such a manner that it helped the company in increasing their profitability in the entire market. References Ahmed, S., Rahman, M. (2015). The effects of marketing mix on consumer satisfaction: A literature review from Islamic perspective. Baker, M. J., Saren, M. (Eds.). (2016).Marketing theory: a student text. Sage. Dadzie, K. Q., Amponsah, D. K., Dadzie, C. A., Winston, E. M. (2017). How Firms Implement Marketing Strategies in Emerging Markets: An Empirical Assessment of The 4A Marketing Mix Framework.Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice,25(3), 234-256. Fan, S., Lau, R. Y., Zhao, J. L. (2015). Demystifying big data analytics for business intelligence through the lens of marketing mix.Big Data Research,2(1), 28-32. Festa, G., Cuomo, M. T., Metallo, G., Festa, A. (2016). The (r) evolution of wine marketing mix: From the 4Ps to the 4Es.Journal of Business Research,69(5), 1550-1555. Grnroos, C. (2016). Modern Marketingand.Marketing in Evolution: Essays in Honour of Michael J. Baker, 14. Gummesson, E. (2017). From relationship marketing to total relationship marketing and beyond.Journal of services marketing,31(1), 16-19. Jaworski, B. J. (2017). Commentary: advancing marketing strategy in the marketing discipline and beyond.Journal of Marketing Management, 1-8. Jin, N., Kim, J., Kim, K. H. (2015, June). THE SERVICE MARKETING MIX EFFECT ON CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE AND CUSTOMER EQUITY IN THE SERVICE INDUSTRY. In2015 Global Fashion Management Conference at Florence(pp. 838-844). Ke, H., Li, L. (2015). Research on the Development of Chinese market Based on 4Ps Marketing Mix. Khan, M. T. (2014). The concept of'marketing mix'and its elements (a conceptual review paper).International journal of information, business and management,6(2), 95. Kim, K., Hayes, J. L., Avant, J. A., Reid, L. N. (2014). Trends in advertising research: A longitudinal analysis of leading advertising, marketing, and communication journals, 1980 to 2010.Journal of advertising,43(3), 296-316. Kraak, V. I., Englund, T., Misyak, S., Serrano, E. L. (2017). A novel marketing mix and choice architecture framework to nudge restaurant customers toward healthy food environments to reduce obesity in the United States. Obesity Reviews, 18(8), 852-868. Kumar, V., Sharma, A., Gupta, S. (2017). Accessing the influence of strategic marketing research on generating impact: moderating roles of models, journals, and estimation approaches.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,45(2), 164-185. Larson, P. D., Kulchitsky, J. D. (2015). Perspectives on Marketing Vis--Vis SCM. InProceedings of the 2008 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 304-308). Springer, Cham. Mohammad, H. I. (2015). 7PS marketing mix and retail bank customer satisfaction in northeast Nigeria. British journal of marketing studies, 3(3), 71-88. Nuseir, M. T., Madanat, H. (2015). 4Ps: A strategy to secure customers loyalty via customer satisfaction.International Journal of Marketing Studies,7(4), 78. Oflac, B. S., Dobrucal?, B., Yavas, T., Escobar, M. G. (2015). Services Marketing Mix Efforts of a Global Services Brand: The Case of DHL Logistics.Procedia Economics and Finance,23, 1079-1083. Phan, T. T. H., Vu, P. A. (2015). The impact of marketing mix elements on food buying behavior: a study of supermarket consumers in Vietnam.International Journal of Business and Management,10(10), 206. Resnick, S. M., Cheng, R., Simpson, M., Loureno, F. (2016). Marketing in SMEs: a 4Ps self-branding model.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior Research,22(1), 155-174. Rust, R. T. (2017). Leading the Future of Marketing. Sam, K. M., Li, H. L., Chatwin, C. (2016). Understanding the adoption of online language learning based on e-marketing mix model.Journal of Information Technology Management,27(2), 65-81. Srijumpa, R. (2017). What beyond marketing 3.0: The 4Ss marketing mix strategy for sustainability.Journal of Global Business Review.,15(1), 1-12. Stremersch, S., Camacho, N., Vanneste, S., Verniers, I. (2015). Unraveling scientific impact: Citation types in marketing journals.International Journal of Research in Marketing,32(1), 64-77.

Bad Habits free essay sample

Nose Picking Everybody picks their nose at times. Not everybody picks their nose in a public place where others might see them. Many people really dislike seeing someone pick their nose. It’s particularly offensive when the nose picker picks with relish, as though he were embarking on an exploring expedition to some unknown land. If you need to pick your nose, you should do it in private to avoid upsetting anybody else. Bear in mind that your car is not a public place. If you decide to pick your nose on the commute to work, people in other vehicles on the freeway will see you digging for gold. . Gross Eating A lot of people cannot abide bad table manners. They get offended if someone chews with their mouth open, talks while eating, clangs the cutlery against their teeth, or makes vile noises when masticating. Nobody wants to hear the noise of food slopping around inside your mouth, or listen to a sound that is reminiscent of someone stirring a pot of soggy semolina. We will write a custom essay sample on Bad Habits or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Nothing you have to say is so important that it justifies showing other people the chewed up piece of steak you are currently attempting to eat. If you are eating in the presence of other people, it’s worth using some manners if you don’t want to annoy anyone. 3. Repetitive Noises Some people have the bad habit of making some kind of repetitive noise. For instance, you might tap your foot, flick your teeth, hit your pen against the side of the desk, sniff, or make a funny throat clearing sound. If a person has to listen to another individual make the same noise again and again day after day, it can start to get on their nerves fairly quickly. The repetitive noise you like to make may comfort you on a subconscious level, but it isn’t soothing for anybody else. 4. Stinking Farts Everybody has to pass gas at some point, but that doesn’t mean that other people want to smell the contents of your colon. Nobody likes to smell a fart. This is particularly true of a fart that is smelled in the public domain. Nothing is worse than walking down the aisle in a department store and finding yourself immersed in a cloud of someone else’s ghastly rectal gas, or standing in an elevator that smells like a recently-used toilet. If you have to break wind and you know you’re probably going to stink, go to the bathroom or at least do it in an empty space. 5. Constant Interruptions Some people just love to talk. They love to talk so much that they cannot let anyone else finish a sentence, or watch a movie in peace. When you are trying to say something and someone else cuts in all of the time, it gets annoying very quickly. If you interrupt someone in mid-sentence, you might as well tell them to shut up because what you have to say is more interesting. When you talk during a movie, you stop other viewers from being able to relax and enjoy it. Is what you have to say really so important that it’s worth annoying others and giving the impression that you are thoroughly rude? 6. Shouting Down the Cell Phone Cell phone technology is not new. It is now unusual not to have a cell phone. Thus most people have encountered at least one individual with an inclination to shout conversations down their cell phone while in a public setting such as an airport departure lounge or a restaurant. Cell phone shouters can be very irritating when you are trying to relax and enjoy your day. It almost seems as though they think their personal business is so enthralling that everybody wants to hear about it when the truth is that nobody else cares. When you must answer your cell phone in public, try to move to a quieter setting. For instance if you are in a restaurant, go outside to take your call. If you cannot go anywhere else, at least try to keep your voice down. 7. Mindless Chatter There are some people who are obviously uncomfortable with silence. In fact silence makes them feel so uneasy that they feel compelled to fill it with the sound of their own voice, even though they don’t have anything remotely important or significant to say. For a person that likes their own space and revers peace and tranquility, such mindless chatter can be incredibly vexing. If you sometimes feel inclined to converse about nothing in particular, or repeat something you said ten minutes ago just because nobody has said anything for a while, then don’t. Go and read a book or find something else to do. There is such a thing as companionable silence.

Cloning is Evil essays

Cloning is Evil essays Cloning is a process that has been debated for decades, and all the arguments are now coming to a head. The thought of cloning has been around since the turn of the century, but was not given much publication until the genre of science fiction pursued it in novels, comics, magazines and television shows in the mid-1950s. When Dolly, a sheep, was cloned, many people, including scientists, religious leaders, politicians, and common people, were held in fascination as the cloning process was explained to them on every major network television channel. People watched as the theory was put to use in certain stages of sheep and frogs being cloned. Many people also came to the realization that cloning is a scientific blight upon humanity, which should not be pursued any further. Cloning will, for the most part, degrade the ethics and civility of humanity until the population is either: a) no longer recognizably human, or b) subjected to various forms of barbarianism including slavery, mass production of spare humans, and the coercement of the gene pool. Cloning, if stopped, will leave many resources free for other scientific pursuits that could better humanity, or raise the overall standard of living. The freed manpower could also be put to more useful scientific tasks, such as food manipulation, or ecology control. If the research of cloning is not stopped, the end result could well be a eugenics war, or the inevitable death of the most powerful species on the planet...humanity. Large majorities of people still presume that cloning will better society, and that the level of technological improvement gained in the short term justifies the few minor adjustments that would accommodate the new society. These same people propagate the use of cloning to harvest the extra bodies for needed body p ...

Entifying Information Assets, Threats, and Vulnerabilities in Top Assignment

Entifying Information Assets, Threats, and Vulnerabilities in Top Information Security Breaches of the Decade - Assignment Example If is not resolved, it can lead to very serious information security. The electronic or the physical security systems are not the organization’s weakest security link; human are the one with the weakest links. It is always assumed that the insider threats originate from rogue workers or planted ‘moles’, IT administrators and managers who are privileged to the access of sensitive information, controls and resources poses the greatest risk. They can start and stop a system, make changes that are critical such as giving the rights to access and untraceably deleting security logs. This threat is devoted to describing the mechanisms used for compromising organizational intellectual property from within (Gupta, et al. 2012). A lot of security incidents are caused by insider misuse i.e. accidental or malicious. A lot of misuse occurs within the boundaries of trust necessary to perform duties. Preventing the misuse is difficult as the only way to stay secure is to grant a ccess rights only to those with business need and to keep an eye on their activities. The problem is that the majority of organizations have very limited capabilities to trace specific IT events to specific users, with any certainty. A small fraction of IT teams are aware of what is going on in their infrastructure in a particular time and some organizations look manually through files so as to get answers. Unauthorized access by insiders; by accessing the organization’s secured areas physically, or materials that have data which is sensitive make it very easy for a crime to be committed by malicious insiders. The physical security measures of an organization are as important as the technical security controls. This threat is emerging as a great risk to corporate data. The vulnerability that led to this attacks are; unauthorized access even when credentials are missing, lack of managing the threat of shared password, failing to ensure

The Election of 1828 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Election of 1828 - Research Paper Example The longest elections in american history have opened a new era of democracy and have brightened the way for future changes that will build constant vision of modern society. By 1828 the United States was by no means a nascent democracy by all standards with elections being hallmarks of a growing democracy. However, some elections were deemed as significant as they were controversial that they changed the election culture and served as a blueprint from which future political developments sprouted from. By the end of 1828, Americans had voted into office a man who was widely regarded as a champion of the common people1. The 11th elections proved to be a turning point in American history as, in as much as it was mired in smear underhand tactics and open character assassination, it heralded a return of party politics as it managed to whip the masses into two major party lines and the consequent party conflicts and bitterness would resonate for years. Andrew Jackson’s loss in the 1824 elections which were regarded as a ‘corrupt bargain’,2 and his ride to victory four years later through the support of the poor or working class clearly formed a template many future elections that were to follow where political power closely resembled the growing population of the United States. It was now possible for a person of humble descent like Andrew Jackson to ascend to the highest pinnacle of political power unlike where it was a reserve of a small clique of aristocrats. Andrew Jackson won in the election of 1824, but faced a loss to John Adams when the election was deferred to the House of Representatives3. He (Andrew Jackson) and his loyalist were outraged when the House of Representatives because of the influence Henry Clay, an unsuccessful presidential candidate and speaker of the house, awarded the presidency to John Quincy Adams. One may wonder if the process was free and fair and totally unbiased as a few days later, the president-elect John Quincy Adams named Henry Clay his secretary of state4. At the time, this was a position that had been a launch-pad for future presidents. The American people who had clearly demonstrated their preferred candidates felt betrayed by the very system that unified them as a people. One is compelled to raise various questions on the turn of events since Andrew Jackson won a plurality of electoral votes in the election which meant that he was the ultimate choice of the Americans. Andrew Jackson was devastated by the turn of events and one would understand his reaction at the time and devoted himself for the next four years to winning the presidency in the 1828 election: the next election. The modern Democratic Party was formed through the efforts of Andrew Jackson’s loyalist, Martin Van Buren. This political machine was one of the many strategies they used. Van Buren worked extra hard to gain popularity in the East as Andrew Jackson was already popular in the west. Nominations for the 182 8 elections changed and legislatures were tasked with the job of making the nominations. John Quincy Adams was re-nominated by the National Republicans while the Democrats nominated Andrew Jackson. The nomination presented a rematch between two great rivals of the time, Andrew Jackson and President John Adams. The campaign was one of the nastiest in American history. The elections of 1828 proved to be unique from all the previous elections in American history in various ways. The campaign was marked by considerable cased of mudslinging. This vice was uncommon during previous elections

Gay and Lesbian Rights Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gay and Lesbian Rights - Assignment Example While homosexuality did not have anything to do with communism, the power of the US was related to gender with homosexuality being seen as a surrender of one’s masculinity (Adam 56). At around this time, there was already the feeling among the political reactionaries that homosexuality would destroy the American society. This led to its repression in federal, state, and local governments across the US with authorities arresting homosexuals in gay bars. This reactionary activity meted out on homosexuals had an immense impact on homosexuals as they were fired and taken to mental institutions by the end of the 40s (Adam 57). In the 50s, gays and lesbians allied themselves to other minorities with the aim of having a liberal society, initially taking a cautious approach with the aim of ensuring survival and a reduction of hostility (Adam 60). The war had opened up increased opportunities at employment for gay people, whereas also allowing them to meet other gay people and experien ce gay culture at port cities when they were deployed. However, the end of the war brought with it a clamor for a return to the original social order that did not have a place for gay people. The tensions that arose from this reactionary attitude led to the rise of a homophile movement, especially among working class women and men who had been demobilized from the army. The most important of these movements was the Mattachine Society in 1951 in LA. The main aim of this society was to unify gays and lesbians who had been isolated from one another, education of all people on the probability of an ethical homosexual community; and assist those gays and lesbians under oppression. However, the movement reversed its objectives under pressure in 1953 to a low-key movement looking for accommodation. The homophile movement was again revamped with the entry of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) in 1955 (Adam 64). However, it was also more inclined to fighting for accommodation until the terror fr om the reactionaries subsided. By the 1960s, the homophile movement, had become part of the larger social upheaval and was not satisfied with simple accommodation and assimilation (Adam 68). The Beats movement of the 60s gave rise to cultural dissident zones in New York and San Francisco, including gays and lesbians. This increased the boldness of the DOB and Mattachine movements, which expanded to major cities across the US, only to be met with resistance again, especially politically. However, taking a leaf from the Civil Rights Movement, gays, and lesbians also began to call for their acceptance as full equals (Adam 72). In Making History: the Very Mad Scientist: Frank Kameny, the author also discusses the effects of the end of WWII on gays and lesbians, especially after they were fired from government and military positions. One of the people who suffered from this action was Frank Kameny, who grew up in New York before moving to Washington D.C. after completing Ph.D. studies at Harvard. The U.S. Army Map Service soon employed him before being fired in 1957 (Marcus 94). After attempting to get his job back for three years by himself, he finally decided to join up with other gay and lesbian movements. He joined Jack Nichols in 1961 to form the Washington D.C. Mattachine Society, which brought him to the attention of the FBI. Frank was soon to take part in protests, become involved in court cases, confrontations, and a constant subject of FBI surveillance. In 1957, he was called back from an assignment and accused of being gay, which was visible from his frequent visits to gay bars. This resulted in his being served with notice that he was to be fired for being a

Role Of Bureau Of Energy Efficiency Construction Essay

Role Of Bureau Of Energy Efficiency Construction Essay The Government of India set up Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) on 1st March 2002 under the provisions of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The mission of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency is to assist in developing policies and strategies with a thrust on self-regulation and market principles, within the overall framework of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 with the primary objective of reducing energy intensity of the Indian economy. This will be achieved with active participation of all stakeholders, resulting in accelerated and sustained adoption of energy efficiency in all sectors. Mission: The mission of Bureau of Energy Efficiency is to institutionalize energy efficiency services, enable delivery mechanisms in the country and provide leadership to energy efficiency in all sectors of the country. The primary objective would be to reduce energy intensity in the economy.   Objectives: To exert leadership and provide policy  recommendation and direction to national energy conservation and efficiency efforts and programs.   To coordinate energy efficiency and conservation policies and programs and take it to the stakeholders To establish systems and procedures to measure, monitor and verify energy efficiency  results in individual sectors as well as at a macro level. To leverage multi-lateral and bi-lateral and private sector support in implementation of  Energy Conservation Act and efficient use of energy and its conservation programs. To demonstrate delivery of energy efficiency services as mandated in the EC bill through  private-public partnerships. Provide a policy  recommendation and direction to national energy conservation activities Coordinate policies and programmes on efficient use of energy with shareholders Establish systems and procedures to verify, measure and monitor Energy Efficiency (EE)    improvements Leverage multilateral, bilateral and private sector support to implement the EC Act  2001 Demonstrate EE delivery systems through public-private partnerships The Bureau would obtain inputs and co-opt expertise from private sector, non-governmental organizations, research institutions and technical agencies, both national and international, to achieve these objectives. Energy Conservation Act 2001: Recognizing the fact that efficient use of energy and its conservation is the least-cost option to mitigate the gap between demand and supply, Government of India has enacted the Energy Conservation Act 2001 and established Bureau of Energy Efficiency . The mission of BEE is to develop policy and strategies with a thrust on self regulation and market principles, within the overall framework of the EC Act with the primary objective of reducing energy intensity of the Indian economy. The EC Act provides for institutionalizing and strengthening delivery mechanism for energy efficiency services in the country and provides the much-needed coordination between the various entities. This act created Bureau Of Energy Efficiency in order to implement the features of the act at central and state level. The salient features of this act are as follows: Reduction of energy consumption using efficiency and conservation measures. Reduce the need to create new capacity, hence saving the resources and green house gases emission. Secure environmental benign and sustainable growth. Stimulate market transformation in favor of energy efficient products and appliances. Energy Consumption Trends: The following graph shows the breakup of energy consumption(%) according to the sectors: This graph shows the energy consumption(%) trend in commercial buildings Total no. of units of energy consumed in commercial buildings are 33 billion units This graph shows the energy comsumtion(%) trend in residential bulidings Total no. of units of energy consumed in residential buildings are 116 billion units. Role of BEE: BEE co-ordinates with designated consumers, designated agencies and other organizations and recognize, identify and utilize the existing resources and infrastructure, in performing the functions assigned to it under the Energy Conservation Act 2001. The Energy Conservation Act 2001 provides for regulatory and promotional functions Functions of BEE: The Major Regulatory Functions of BEE include: Develop minimum energy performance standards and labeling design for equipment and appliances Develop specific Energy Conservation Building Codes Activities focusing on designated consumers Develop specific energy consumption norms   Certify Energy Managers and Energy Auditors   Accredit Energy Auditors   Define the manner and periodicity of mandatory energy audits   Develop reporting formats on energy consumption and action taken on the recommendations of the energy auditors   The Major Promotional Functions of BEE include: Create awareness and disseminate information on energy efficiency and conservation   Arrange and organize training of personnel and specialists in the techniques for efficient use of energy and its conservation Strengthen consultancy services in the field of energy conservation   Promote research and development   Develop testing and certification procedures and promote testing facilities Formulate and facilitate implementation of pilot projects and demonstration projects Promote use of energy efficient processes, equipment, devices and systems Take steps to encourage preferential treatment for use of energy efficient equipment or appliances   Promote innovative financing of energy efficiency projects Give financial assistance to institutions for promoting efficient use of energy and its conservation   Prepare educational curriculum on efficient use of energy and its conservation   Implement international co-operation programmes relating to efficient use of energy and its conservation Schemes Under BEE The aim of this institution is to stimulate market transformation and initiate other interventions in favor of Demand Side Management and Energy Efficiency in the country. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency has initiated many schemes for improving energy efficiency and many of them are DSM measures also. They are being entertained under the provisions of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001. The programmes under BEE are mentioned below: Lighting Demand Side Management Standards Labeling Programme Energy conservation Building code Investment Grade Audits in Buildings Star rating and labeling of buildings Municipal Demand Side Management Agriculture Demand Side Management Lighting Demand Side Management: The large contribution of (domestic, commercial and street) lighting to peak loads makes it attractive for the utility to offer incentives for the adoption of efficient lighting practices by consumers. This would result in reduction of costly peak-load power procurement. This has led some distribution companies to incentivize purchase of Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) by the consumers. BEE has initiated Bachat Lamp Yojana (BLY) Scheme to promote energy efficient lighting in India. Bachat Lamp Yojana is a program by the government of India under this scheme to reduce the cost of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs, i.e., energy saving lights) sold to consumers. Three types of ICL lamp wattages commonly in use viz. 40 W, 60 W and 100 W are likely for replacement under the BLY scheme. The BLY scheme upon implementation would result in reducing an estimated : 6000 MW of electricity generation capacity translating into a potential saving of INR 24000 crores per annum Combined GHG emission savings on replacing an estimated 400 million ICLs with CFLs would result in reducing 20 million tonnes of (CO2) from grid-connected power plants. There are no mandatory requirements in India requiring the use of energy efficient CFL at the household level. Hence, the BEE has prepared a unique project design where three key players the BEE, the investors and the Electricity Distribution Companies (DISCOMs) come together and supply the households with CFLs voluntarily. To bridge the cost differential between the market price of the CFLs and the price at which they are distributed to households, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is harnessed. The investor would cover the project cost through the sale of Green house gas (GHG) emission reductions achieved in their respective project areas. (Source: http://www.bee-dsm.in) Standards Labeling Programme: The Standards and Labeling programme is a key thrust area of BEE. Central Government, under the Energy Conservation Act, 2001 has powers to direct display of labels on specified appliances or equipment. The objectives of this program is to provide the consumer an informed choice about the energy saving, and thereby the cost saving potential of the marketed household appliances or other equipment. This is expected to impact the energy savings in the medium and long run while at the same time it will position domestic industry to compete in such markets where norms for energy efficiency are mandatory. The scheme was launched by the Honble Minister of Power on 18 May 2006 and is currently invoked for 10 equipments/appliances, e.g. ACs, Tube lights, Refrigerators, Distribution Transformers, Motors, Geysers, Ceiling fans, Color TVs, Agricultural pump sets and LPG stoves, of which the first 4 are being notified under mandatory labeling from 6th January, 2010. In the future, the scheme will cover several more domestic and industrial equipments and appliances with the objective of conserving the power consumed by these. The programme seeks to: Introduce Notification for mandatory labeling. Have an extensive and sustained outreach and awareness campaign to educate consumers. Include 20 high energy consuming end use equipments and appliances by 2012. Initiate check testing by an Independent Agency (RITES) to ensure credibility of the scheme. Stimulate market transformation in favor of energy efficient equipments and appliances that adhere to Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS). (Source: http://www.bee-dsm.in) Energy Conservation Building Code Energy Efficiency in Existing Building programme: What are ECBC? ECBC set minimum energy efficiency standards for design and construction. ECBC encourage energy efficient designs or retrofit of buildings so that it does not constraints the building function, comfort, health productivity of the occupants. Moreover it has appropriate regards for economic considerations. The ECBC provides design norms for: Building envelope, including thermal performance requirements for walls, roofs, and windows; Lighting system, including day lighting, and lamps and luminaries performance requirements; HVAC system, including energy performance of chillers and air distribution systems; Electrical system; and Water heating and pumping systems, including requirements for solar hot-water systems. The code provides three options for compliance Compliance with the performance requirements for each subsystem and system; Compliance with the performance requirements of each system, but with tradeoffs between subsystems; and Building-level performance compliance. (Source: http://www.bee-dsm.in) Investment Grade Audits in Buildings: Energy audit studies in buildings have shown large potential for energy savings both in government and commercial office buildings. Study of the available data has shown that there is an urgent need for improved energy efficiency of buildings. BEE is promoting the implementation of energy efficiency measures in existing buildings through Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) which provide an innovative business model through which the energy-savings potential in existing buildings can be captured and the risks faced by building owners can also be addressed. The performance-contract based payments for energy savings achieved through the interventions carried out by the ESCO ensure that savings are achieved and that the payments by the building owners to the ESCO are related to the achievement of these savings. (Source: http://www.bee-dsm.in) Star Rating and Labeling of Buildings: The Star Rating Program for buildings would create a demand in the market for energy efficient buildings based on actual performance of the building in terms of specific energy usage. This programme would rate office buildings on a 1-5 Star scale with 5 Star labeled buildings being the most efficient. Five categories of buildings office buildings, hotels, hospitals, retail malls, and IT Parks in five climate zones in the country have been identified for this programme. Initially, the programme targets the following 3 climatic zones for air-conditioned and non- air-conditioned office buildings: Warm and Humid Composite Hot and Dry It will be subsequently extended to other climatic zones. To apply for rating of office buildings, a standardized format is developed for collection of actual energy consumption: data required includes buildings built up area, conditioned and non-conditioned area, type of building, hours of operation of the building in a day, climatic zone in which building is located, and other related information of the facility. The Technical Committee constituted for Energy Base lining and benchmarking of commercial buildings chaired by Director General, Bureau of Energy Efficiency shall be the technical committee for the scheme. (Source: http://www.bee-dsm.in) Municipal Demand Side Management: The global trend towards increased urbanization requires municipal bodies to provide services such as streetlights, solid waste management, sewage treatment disposal, etc. All these activities consume significant amount of electricity, usually in an inefficient manner. The cost of energy sometimes constitutes more than 50% of the municipalitys budget and implementing efficiency measures could reduce it by at least 25%. There is a potential to save around 10 billion rupees by implementing energy efficiency measures. Almost all municipal bodies depend on government support to meet their development and operating expenses. Government of India, through the Bureau of Energy Efficiency has initiated a programme to cover 175 municipalities in the country by conducting investment grade energy audits and preparation of detailed project reports. Energy Service Companies are being encouraged to take up the implementation of the programme with the help of financial institutions. Utilities must encourage implementation of DSM measures to relieve their network of such inefficient load. (Source: http://www.bee-dsm.in) Agriculture Demand Side Management: Agriculture accounts for about 27% of electricity consumption in the country, which is increasing due to rural electrification efforts of the Government. The electricity is largely used in agricultural pump sets which generally have very poor efficiency. Most of the pilot projects as well as other studies project potential of 45-50% by mere replacement of inefficient pumps. Overall electricity savings (from 20 million pumps) is estimated at 62.1 billion units annually. This is estimated to translate in to the yearly savings of 18000 crores, which reduce the subsidy burden of states with that same amount. Since agricultural tariffs are usually the lowest and also highly subsidized, there is no incentive to the agricultural consumer to improve efficiency of the pump set. However, utilities are not able to recover economic price on every unit of energy sold to these categories of consumers and therefore need to aggressively target these consumers for DSM measures. BEE has prepared an Ag ricultural DSM (Ag. DSM) programme in which pump set efficiency upgradation could be carried out by an Energy Service Company (ESCOs) or the distribution company. The Ag-DSM programme for preparation of DPRs has already been initiated by BEE as pilot projects in 5 states, viz, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab Rajasthan. One DPR in Solapur dist of Maharashtra is ready for implementation purpose. The result of the study is encouraging with the saving potential of 40% by replacement of inefficient pumps with Star rated pump sets. BEE is also developing a methodology for CDM in Ag-DSM project so that it becomes more attractive. The implementation for replacement of inefficient pumps with Star rated pump sets will be done through the ESCO/Utility who would invest in energy efficiency measures on a rural pump set feeder on which supply quality enhancements (such as feeder segregation High Voltage Direct Supply [HVDS]) have already been carried out. The intervention would lead to lo wer energy supply on the feeder, and hence, could result in lower subsidy to be paid by the State Government. Part of the savings in the subsidy would be paid to the ESCO/Utility on an annual basis, over a period of time, to pay for their investment in pump set upgradation. To ring-fence the payment security mechanism, a large Financial Institutions may be brought in to provide loan to the project as well as adequate payment security mechanism to the investors. Utilities can play the important role of Monitoring and Verification. Government, through BEE is providing resources to create a shelf of bankable DPRs in the agriculture sector to mainstream the scheme. The European Regulators Group for Electricity and Gas (ERGEG) is the European Commissions advisory body on internal EU energy market issues. It was set up on 11 November 2003 by a European Commission. ERGEG is charged with advising and assisting the European Commission in ensuring the creation and smooth functioning of the internal energy market in Europe. In 2007, the European Unions leaders pledged their agreement to energy-climate objectives known as 20-20-20 i.e. a binding 20% renewable energy target by the year 2020, reducing Europes CO2 emissions by 20% by 2020 (and by 30% if there is an international agreement), and increasing overall energy efficiency by 20% by 2020. In January 2008 the European Commission published its Climate Change and Energy Package, designed to meet these objectives.

Shakespeares Macbeth - Villain, Tragic Hero, or Simply Ambitious ? Ess

Macbeth:   Villain, Tragic Hero, or Simply Ambitious ?      Ã‚  Ã‚   The play MacBeth conforms to the definition of a tragedy: â€Å"A play in verse or in prose dealing with tragic events, usually ending in the downfall of the protagonist†1.   However, many sections of MacBeth do not describe a tragic hero, but merely a villain or a lord who is overly ambitious and pays the consequences for his actions.   MacBeth is a tragedy that challenges the very foundations of that genre, set by Aristotle and Plato in the third century B.C. These foundations had been part of the text Poetics, in which Aristotle listed the six requirements of dramatic tragedy, one of which is the inclusion of a tragic hero, a fundamental that has been followed by many tragedians including Sophocles, Aeschylus, O’Neill and Shakespeare himself in his other tragedies.    MacBeth however is different from these tragedies in that the protagonist is not clearly defined as a tragic hero, the reader may view glimpses of a hero in MacBeth but not in substantial amounts, so this is neither completely validated nor revoked by Shakespeare. In order to come to a conclusion the reader must take into consideration not only MacBeth’s intentions but those of the people around him as well, such as Lady MacBeth and the three Weird Sisters, both of whom can be deemed to have influenced his actions in some way.    MacBeth’s downfall and ultimate fate begins with his decision to murder King Duncan. Yet, from what the reader has seen of MacBeth so far, this action seems highly out of character.   He is initially portrayed a loyal warrior who has a wife and his own castle, and yet he still chooses to murder Duncan.   The apparent reason for this is ambition, we are told this by Ma... ...d, not once was he forced into doing anything that was not desired by him. On many occasions, the reader is tempted to see MacBeth as a simple villain and yet his resolve to carry out what he had already started influences them to rethink their opinion on his status as a villain. This remarkable blend of a tragic hero, a villain and a man beset with sheer determination is one that allows MacBeth to stand out arguably as one of the finest morality plays ever written.    1. Concise Oxford dictionary    Bibliography English 366: Studies in Shakespeare Introduction to Macbeth http://www.mala.bc.ca/~johnstoi/eng366/index.htm Barnet, Sylvan. Shakespeare’s MacBeth, Signet Classic 1987 Shakespeare’s Macbeth, a Play for our Time http://www.uky.edu/ArtsSciences/Classics/mac/intro.html Aristotle, Poetics http://planetpapers.com/poetics/1209.html